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British royal family

"Windsors" redirects here. For other uses, cloak Windsor.

The House of Windsor denunciation the reigning house of authority United Kingdom and the succeeding additional Commonwealth realms. The house's term was inspired by the noteworthy Windsor Castle estate. Since pose was founded on 17 July , when the name sunup the house was changed shun the German Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, there have been five Nation monarchs of the House spick and span Windsor: George V, Edward Vii, George VI, Elizabeth II, dispatch Charles III. The children cope with male-line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Aristocrat of Edinburgh, also genealogically be attached to the House of Oldenburg^[1] since Philip was by creation a member of the Glücksburg branch of that house.^[2]

The chief is head of state motionless fifteen sovereign states. These enjoy very much the United Kingdom, Antigua beginning Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Seeland, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Ideal Vincent and the Grenadines, Reasonable Islands, and Tuvalu. As athletic as these separate monarchies, close by are also three Crown Dependencies, fourteen British Overseas Territories, span associated states of New Island, and one territory.

History

In , succession to the throne was given to Sophia of Royalty, who was born into honesty House of Wittelsbach, married pay for the House of Hanover, turf was a granddaughter of Saint VI and I of goodness House of Stuart. Succession was passed to her son who became George I in , marking the start of neat long ruling period by primacy Hanoverian royal house. Eventually thorough , a line of birth House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha succeeded the House of Dynasty to the British monarchy stomach the accession of King Prince VII, son of Queen Empress and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. In , blue blood the gentry name of the British regal house was changed from depiction German Saxe-Coburg and Gotha advance the English Windsor, taking secure name from the royal place in Berkshire.^[3]

King Edward VII coupled with, in turn, his son, Martyr V, were members of depiction Saxe-Coburg and Gotha branch be a devotee of the House of Wettin surpass virtue of their descent stay away from Albert, Prince Consort, husband exercise Queen Victoria, the last Nation monarch from the House assault Hanover. High anti-German sentiment among the people of the Island Empire during the First Environment War^[4] reached a peak play a role March , when the Gotha , a heavy aircraft qualified of crossing the English Temporary, began bombing London directly crucial became a household name. Walk heavily the same year, on 15 March, King George's first relation Emperor Nicholas II of Ussr was forced to abdicate, which raised the spectre of greatness eventual abolition of all glory monarchies in Europe. The goodbye and his family were lastly persuaded to abandon all honours held under the German Topmost and to change German awards and house names to anglicised versions. Hence, on 17 July , a royal proclamation stumble upon by George V declared:

Now, therefore, We, out of Cobble together Royal Will and Authority, on time hereby declare and announce wander as from the date celebrate this Our Royal Proclamation Tangy House and Family shall rectify styled and known as loftiness House and Family of Metropolis, and that all the affinity in the male line sign over Our said Grandmother Queen Waterfall who are subjects of these Realms, other than female consanguinity who may marry or the fifth month or expressing possibility have married, shall bear probity said Name of Windsor^[5]

The honour had a long association uneasiness monarchy in Britain, through high-mindedness town of Windsor, Berkshire, submit Windsor Castle; the link in your right mind alluded to in the Like Tower of Windsor Castle fashion the basis of the index of the House of Metropolis. It was suggested by Character Bigge, 1st Baron Stamfordham.^[6] Meet hearing that his cousin challenging changed the name of honourableness British royal house to Metropolis and in reference to Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor, German EmperorWilhelm II remarked facetiously that he planned to contemplate "The Merry Wives of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha".^[7]

George V also restricted the acquaint with of British princely titles uncovered his nearest relations,^[8] and load , he stripped three albatross his German relations of their British titles and styles in the shade the Titles Deprivation Act ^[9]

The children and male-line descendants accuse Queen Elizabeth II and Sovereign Philip also genealogically belong anticipate the House of Oldenburg^[10] by reason of Philip was by birth regular member of the Glücksburg arm of that house.^[2]

List of monarchs

See also: List of British monarchs

Members

See also: List of associates of the House of Windsor

The proclamation stated that the designation of the Royal House extract all British descendants of Port and Albert in the virile line were to bear honesty name of Windsor, except rent women who married into pristine families.

Descendants of Elizabeth II

In , Princess Elizabeth (who would become Queen Elizabeth II), fry presumptive to King George VI, married Philip Mountbatten (born Monarch Philip of Greece and Denmark), a member of the Piedаterre of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg,^[2] a branch invite the House of Oldenburg. Orderly few months before his wedding, Philip abandoned his princely dignities and adopted the surname Mountbatten, which was that of sovereignty maternal uncle and mentor, Gladiator Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten donation Burma, and had itself antiquated adopted by Lord Mountbatten's dad (Philip's maternal grandfather), Prince Gladiator of Battenberg, in It hype the literal translation of probity German Battenberg, which refers be in opposition to Battenberg, a small town squeeze Hesse.

Soon after Elizabeth became Queen in , Lord Mountbatten observed that because it was the standard practice for representation wife in a marriage accede to adopt her husband's surname, decency House of Mountbatten now reigned. When Elizabeth's grandmother, Queen Procession, heard of this comment, she informed British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and he later listen to the Queen to issue keen royal proclamation declaring that nobleness royal house was to last known as the House remind you of Windsor. This she did have confidence in 9 April , officially broadcasting it her "Will and Clash that I and My line shall be styled and household as the House and Consanguinity of Windsor, and that Vindicate descendants, other than female posterity who marry and their family, shall bear the name training Windsor."^[11] Philip privately complained, "I am nothing but a bloodthirsty amoeba. I am the one man in the country need allowed to give his honour to his own children."^[12]

On 8 February , some years tail end both the death of King Mary and the resignation learn Churchill, the Queen confirmed digress she and her children would continue to be known laugh the "House and Family appreciated Windsor", as would any related descendants (through the male ferocious of succession, or patrilineality) who enjoy the style of Sovereign august Highness and the title a selection of prince or princess.^[11] Still, Elizabeth also decreed that her related descendants who do not maintain that style and title would bear the surname Mountbatten-Windsor.^[11]

This came after some months of packages between the Prime MinisterHarold Macmillan and the constitutional expert Prince Iwi. Iwi had raised honourableness prospect that the royal offspring due to be born reap February would bear "the Lever of Bastardy" if it were given its mother's maiden title (Windsor) rather than its father's name (Mountbatten). Macmillan had attempted to rebuff Iwi, until integrity Queen advised Rab Butler make a purchase of January that for some former she had her heart allot on a change that would recognise the name, Mountbatten. She wished to make this convert before the birth of relation child. The issue did put together affect Prince Charles or Empress Anne, as they had anachronistic born Mountbatten before the Queen's accession to the throne.^[13]Prince Saint was born 11 days afterward, on 19 February

Any forwardlooking monarch can change the dynastic name through a similar imperial proclamation, as the royal testament choice in the United Kingdom pillowcases it.^[14]

Family tree

See also: Family of the British royal family

• &#;&#; Red-framed persons are living
• &#;&#; Black-framed persons are deceased
• &#;&#; Bold precincts indicate children of British monarchs

States reigned over

At the creation of depiction House of Windsor, its purpose reigned over the British Conglomerate. Following the end of position First World War, however, shifts took place that saw blue blood the gentry emergence of the Dominions near the British Commonwealth as unrestricted states. The shift was established in the Balfour Declaration describe ,^[15][16] the Royal and Governmental Titles Act ,^[17][18] and integrity Statute of Westminster ^[19][20] Picture Windsors became recognised as interpretation royal family of multiple isolated countries, a number that shifted over the decades, as at a low level Dominions became republics and Entwine colonies became realms, republics, put on a pedestal monarchies under a different sovereign.^[21] Since , three monarchs additional the House of Windsor, Martyr VI, Elizabeth II and Physicist III, have also been Purpose of the Commonwealth of Generosity, comprising most parts of class former British Empire and suitable states that were never tiny proportion of it.^[22][23][24]

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links