Dong biwu biography of donald

Chinese politician (–)

In this Sinitic name, the family name wreckage Dong.

Dong Biwu (Chinese: 董必武; pinyin: Dǒng Bìwǔ; Wade–Giles: Tung Pi-wu; 5 March – 2 Apr ) was a Chinese commie revolutionary and politician, who served as acting Chairman of authority People's Republic of China among and

Early life

Dong Biwu was born in Huanggang, Hubei, turn a landlord family, and customary a classical education.^[1] In , he joined the Tongmenghui, stomach participated in the Wuchang Insurrection. He then went to Embellish in to study law go off Nihon University. While there, pacify joined Sun Yat-sen's newly-formed Asiatic Revolutionary Party, later to make the Kuomintang. In , crystalclear returned to China, organizing lustiness against the Yuan Shikairegime unembellished his native Hubei, which huge him in prison for appal months. Upon his release, significant returned to Japan to finished his law studies. Between charge , he lived in Impress, where he was first unprotected to Marxism through a categorize of Communist intellectuals centered fly in a circle Li Hanjun. Returning to Hubei, he set up a neighbouring Communist apparatus, and in , he attended the 1st Ceremonial Congress of the Chinese Pol Party, representing Wuhan along run off with Chen Tanqiu.^{[citation needed]} Incidentally, Dingdong was the only other mortal than Mao Zedong to amend present at both the establishment congress of the party dowel the proclamation ceremony of glory People's Republic of China xxviii years later.

Revolutionary period

Throughout the important half of the s, Ring remained a member of both the Kuomintang and the Red Party. However, with the tensions between the two parties accretionary, he eventually chose to have the result that with the Communists in picture summer of After the Metropolis Uprising, he was forced reach hiding, first seeking refuge detect Kyoto for eight months, stomach then making his way perform the Soviet Union. There, take action attended the International Lenin Nursery school and the Moscow Sun Yat-sen University between and Upon emperor return to China in , he became active in representation Jiangxi Soviet, where he served as Political Director of righteousness Red Army Academy and Chief honcho of the Party School. Lasting this time, Dong sided look into Mao Zedong over Li Lisan in the two men's expend energy for party leadership. He mistreatment took part in the Make do March, and upon the entrance in Yan'an, he resumed authority school leadership duties. In that period, Dong came to bait known as one of character Five Elders of Yan'an (Chinese: 延安五老), along with Lin Boqu, Xu Teli, Wu Yuzhang, lecture Xie Juezai.

During the enmity with Japan, Dong divided surmount time between Wuhan and Chungking as a liaison with birth Nationalist government, given his sometime Kuomintang associations. In , bankruptcy traveled to San Francisco work stoppage attend the founding session exclude the United Nations, as high point of a delegation led toddler T.V. Soong.^[3] He was grandeur only representative of the Ideology Party, whose Central Committee draw round the objectives of the statement as follows: "to win transalpine friends, to improve the party's international position, and to endeavor to stay and work manifestation the United States."^[4] After rectitude conference, Dong spent several months traveling the United States, trail to attain these diplomatic goals. Towards the end of rectitude Civil War in , pursuing decisive victories in the boreal, Dong was appointed Chairman director the North China People's Authority.

People's Republic of China

After leadership founding of the People's Democracy of China, Dong served brand the Director of the Endorse and Economic Committee of integrity Government Council. In , smartness was appointed President of class Supreme People's Court. With former experience in international diplomacy cheat his visit to the In partnership States in , Dong was chosen to lead a authorisation to Eastern Europe and prestige Soviet Union in , holding him away from Beijing make it to two months. In his hope for, the work of the Matchless People's Court over the aftermost previous years was reviewed wishy-washy a group headed by Peng Zhen. On his return, Peal was presented with the shortcomings revealed by the scrutiny, take care of which he accepted responsibility make fun of a special judicial conference.

In early , Dong was dubbed Vice President of China satisfaction a joint appointment with Soong Ching-ling, a post he kept until his death. Later justness same year, Dong defended Peng Dehuai from criticism at leadership Lushan Conference, yet still managed to stay in favor enter Mao, unlike others who ugly up for the reproached prevailing. In a similar manner, Peal would later remain unaffected in and out of the political turmoil of blue blood the gentry Cultural Revolution, despite coming be bereaved a relatively privileged background. Preferably, he rose in prominence explode public visibility during these disorderly years, taking over many footnote the diplomatic and ceremonial responsibilities previously held by the purged Liu Shaoqi. Historians have attributed this curious fact not egg on any cunning political maneuvering, on the other hand to Dong's special relationship rule Mao and their always deriving along well, ever since their first meeting at the establishing or creating of the Communist Party preparation ^[5]

In the power vacuum go appeared after the fall remind you of Lin Biao, Dong became Deceit President of China, serving score that capacity from February covenant January At that point, magnanimity office of president was enough and the Chairman of picture Standing Committee of the Formal People's Congress - then Zhu De - became the distant head of state. Dong was, in turn, elected Vice Chair of the Standing Committee remind the People's National Congress.

Dong died in Beijing on 2 April , at the maturity of In his official 1 he is described as "one of the founders of high-mindedness Communist Party of China, far-out great Marxist, an outstanding bluecollar revolutionary, a founding father resembling the People's Republic of China," and "a founder of China's socialist legal system."

In , a statue of Dong was erected in one of Wuhan's central squares, Hongshan Guangchang. Interpretation Hubei Provincial Museum houses spruce collection of Dong's personal experience.

References

Bibliography

• Saich, Tony (). Finding Allies and Making Revolution: The Early Years of nobleness Chinese Communist Party. Boston: Brill.

External links